Downloadable Documentaries are available. Before downloading and installing any documentaries, please note: To function properly, the path to any BioEditor documentaries must no include any spaces. This means that you can install the documentaries (or create documentaries and save them) to a folder with a path such as, C:\BioEditor_Documentaries, but if you install them to a folder with a path such as, C:\BioEditor Documentaries, the graphics and molecular views will not function properly. This means that if you save the documentary to your desktop, it probably won't work properly because most Windows desktops include the folder, Documents and Settings, in their path.

1. Zinc Binuclear Cluster
   Zinc binuclear clusters are motifs found in transcriptional regulatory proteins in fungi. An early zinc binuclear cluster was originally thought to be similar to previously described zinc fingers, with four cysteines forming a tetrahedral zinc binding site (Johnston, 1987; PMID 3299106). Subsequent structural studies demonstrated that the zinc binulear cluster consists of 6 cysteine residues that are bound to two zinc atoms (Pan, 1990; PMID 2107541, Marmorstein, PMID: 1557122). This documentary was prepared by Paul Craig while on sabbatical at University of California, San Diego.
2. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
   Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is the enzyme that initiates the second (payoff) stage of glycolysis. GAPDH catalyzes the reaction that converts glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP) into 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate (1,3 BPG) (and the reverse reaction in gluconeogenesis). GAPDH oxidizes and phosphorylates GAP to produce 1,3-BPG. In this reaction, phosphorylation adds an inorganic phosphate tCo the carbony carbon of GAP, which also requires the oxidation of that carbonyl group (and reduction of NAD+ to NADH). This documentary was prepared by Murtaza Mogri, while he was a student in Philip Bourne's Pharmacology 207 course (Using Internet Resources in Molecular Biology), Fall quarter, 2001-2002 academic year.
3. Glycolytic Kinases
   Four kinases take part in glycolysis: hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, phosphoglycerate kinase and pyruvate kinase. The structures of all four of these kinases have been determined in Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). This documentary was prepared by Laura Tripi in Paul Craig's Biochemistry Conformation & Dynamics Course at RIT, Fall quarter 2002-2003 academic year.
4. The Link - Science and Art
   This extraordinary documentary compares modern art with modern science. It includes an explanation of the principles of modern art and demonstrates their connection to science, both by appearance and with quotes revealing the intent of the artists themselves. Jonah Olson created this documentary while on a summer internship in David Goodsell's lab at The Scripps Institute.
5. Human Cyclin Dependent Kinase
   Human Cyclin Dependent Kinase 2 is one of several cyclin dependent kinases that play important roles in the cell cycle. While CDK2 is involved in a number of reactions which allow the cell cycle to progress, this documentary focuses on its phosphorylation of histone H1 during S phase. In particular, it details the structural properties of CDK2 that are most important for its role in this reaction, as well as how the protein interacts with other factors and how it relates to other CDKs and similar molecules. Seth Staples prepared this documentary for Paul Craig's Biochemistry Conformation & Dynamics Course at RIT, Fall quarter 2002-2003 academic year.
6. MAP Kinase P38
   MAP Kinase P38 is a member of a very large family known as the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) family or sometimes also called the ERK (extracellular regulated-kinase) family. This documentary is built around PDB file 1BL6, though it does briefly mention some other structures. Evan Santo is a junior in the Bioinformatics program at RIT; he prepared this documentary for Paul Craig's Biochemistry Conformation & Dynamics Course, Fall quarter 2002-2003 academic year.
7. MAP Kinase P38
   This documentary focuses on the same topic as Evan Santo's earlier work, but is built around a different PDB strucutre: 1A9U. The author is Stephen Mosher, a junior Biotechnology major at RIT.
8. Pyruvate Kinase
   Pyruvate kinase catalyzes the final reaction of glycolysis, converting phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate and generating ATP from the energy that is released in that reaction. Mark Gaffney, a Biochemistry major at RIT, prepared this documentary, which includes some very nice molecular visualization of basic features of proteins: helices, sheets and the active site.
9. Protein Kinase A
   Protein kinase A is a serine/threonine kinase which is involved in signal transduction pathway initiated by epinephrine. It is one of the most thoroughly studied kinases and has served as a prototype for studying the protein kinase family (A conserved helix motif complements the protein kinase core. (Veron M, Radzio-Andzelm E, Tsigelny I, Ten Eyck LF, Taylor SS.
   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993 Nov 15;90(22):10618-22). The author of the documentary is James Thompson, who prepared it for Biochemistry Conformation & Dynamics at RIT, fall, 2002.
10. UV Repair Proteins
    Alex Vecchio prepared this fine documentary on proteins involved DNA repair after exposure to ultraviolet radiation in prokaryotes for the course, "Conformation & Dynamics " at the Rochester Institute of Technology. His documentary includes three structures: EXCINUCLEASE UVRABC COMPONENT UVRB (PDB file 1D9X); EXCINUCLEASE UVRABC COMPONENT UVRB (PDB 1D9Z; the same enzyme in complex with ATP); and EXCINUCLEASE ABC SUBUNIT C (PDB file 1KFT).
11. Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase
    Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS) participates in two different pathways: pyrimidine synthesis and the urea cycle. In this documentary, Laura Grell from the Bioinformatics program at RIT, describes the metabolic role of CPS in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and provides detailed structural information on CPS from E. coli (PDB file 1A9X).
12. 8-Amino-7-Oxononanoate Synthase
    A team of three undergraduate students at RIT (Robert Saccente, Nathan Hartzell and Ryan Meath) combined excellent writing with stunning molecular visualization to describe 8-AMINO-7-OXONANOATE SYNTHASE (PDB structure 1DJE), one of the enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway for biotin in E. coli. These students also employed the combinatorial extension tool (http://cl.sdsc.edu/ce.html) to structurally align the PLP-bound enzyme with the product bound enzyme; and also to align the enzyme with another PLP-dependent enzyme that has extremely weak sequence homology. The students even contacted Dr. Robert Baxter, the corresponding author on the original publications, to get his explanation of some of the finer details of the mechanism.
13. Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme
    UbcH10 or Human Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme functions in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis in cell cycle progression. Ubiquination functions to tag a protein by a covalent interaction between an ubiquitin protein and a lysine residue on a protein. Jonathan Keeling, Erin Wells and Christian Heine (from the Conformation & Dynamics course at RIT in 2004) do a nice job of comparing published static images with molecular visualizations of the enzyme. In addition to a discussion of family relationships, their molecular visualizations are very appealing and described in expert detail.
14. Antifreeze Polypeptide from Winter Flounder
    Ice crystals can act like miniscule razors inside cells, puncturing membranes as they grow. Organisms, such as the winter flounder, that live in subfreezing conditions have antifreeze polypeptides (PDB structure 1WFA) that prevent ice crystal formation. Erin Topley, Jeff Gagnon and Elaine Vonderembse (undergraduates at RIT) combine a high quality of science with a beautiful artistic perspective. In addition, they employed the Combinatorial Extension tool to demonstrate structural homology between the antifreeze protein in winter flounder and a polypeptide chain from an aberrant cytochrome c oxidase, which was extracted from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus.
15. T7 RNA Polymerase
    Bradley Tebbetts, a biotechnology student at RIT, presents a detailed description of the structure and mechanism of T7 RNA Polymerase (PDB structure 1H38). His documentary includes a comparision to the more complex RNA polymerases from prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
16. Tyrosyl-tRNA Synthetase
    The Protein Data Bank now contains Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase structures from archaea (1J1U), eubacteria (1JII) and animalia (1Q11), enabling Alex Vecchio to compare the three structures for similarities and differences, as well as the role of this enzyme in expansion of genetic code expression through the kingdoms.

To submit a BioEditor Documentary, write to: bioeditor-documentaries@sdsc.edu